Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Isolation, Restriction Digestion, And Electrophoresis Of...

Isolation, restriction digestion, and gel electrophoresis of plasmid DNA Prathyusha Gudapati, BIOL 304, spring 2015. Abstract The purpose of the experiment was to isolate plasmid DNA, followed by restriction digestion using restriction endonucleases and then visualizing the digested fragments after subjecting to gel electrophoresis. Plasmid DNA (pSP72 DNA) was isolated from Escherichia coli KAM32 (E.coli) cultures using the QIA prep miniprep kit and then subjected to restriction digestion by EcoRI and HindIII. The restriction digested DNA was then loaded into the wells of 0.7% agarose gel and subjected to electrophoresis. It can be concluded from our results that our plasmid DNA isolation was successful and the restriction digestion results were partially in agreement with our hypothesis. Introduction Plasmids are small double stranded circular non chromosomal DNA molecules containing their own origin of replication. Hence, they are capable of replication independent of the chromosomal DNA in bacteria. Plasmids present in one or more copies per cell, can carry extra chromosomal DNA from one cell to another cell and serve as tools to clone and manipulate genes. Plasmids used exclusively for this purpose are known as vectors. The genes of interest can be inserted into these vector plasmids creating a recombinant plasmid. Recombinant plasmids can play a significant role in gene therapy, DNA vaccination, and drug delivery [Rapley, 2000]. We hypothesized that plasmid DNAShow MoreRelatedCreating A Genomic Library Of The Bacteria Aliivibrio Fischeri1768 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Within a genome, there is a vast sequence of DNA that may be studied. The resulting goal of this study is to create a genomic library of the bacteria Aliivibrio Fischeri. We will be achieving this purpose by making Escherichia Coli luminescence through the use of the lux operon. In the process of understanding the genomic library of A. Fischeri bacteria, we will be creating a restriction map of the restriction sites in the plasmids containing a lux. In this study we will be working withRead MoreManipulation And Analysis Of Dna Using Standard Molecular Biology Essay717 Words   |  3 Pagesanalysis of DNA using standard Molecular Biology Techniques. During the course of the next three practical classes you shall be performing a number of techniques in order to isolate and manipulate DNA from bacteria. The practicals are spread over three sessions, the techniques that you will perform are indicated below: Practical 1 Isolation of plasmid DNA from three cultures of E.coli using a method known as the alkaline lysis method. Practical 2 (Part A) Digestion of the plasmid DNA that youRead MoreA Research Study On Scar Markers1635 Words   |  7 PagesSCAR markers are PCR based primers that represent genomic DNA fragments at genetically defined loci, that are identified by PCR amplification using sequence specific oligonuceotide primers (Paran and Michelmore, 1993; Me Dermott et al., 1994). Inception of SCARs involves cloning the amplified products of arbitrary marker techniques and then sequencing the 2 ends of the cloned products. The sequence s therefore used to design specific primer pairs of 15-30 bp which will amplify single major bandsRead MoreDna Lab Report1345 Words   |  6 Pages The genomic DNA sample concentration of 28.5 ng/ÃŽ ¼L and its A260/A280 ratio of 1.85 indicates that the DNA was relatively pure since a 260/280 ratio of ~1.8 is generally accepted as pure for DNA (Cox, Doudna O’Donnell, 2015). The ratio of white colonies to blue colonies observed on the blue-white screen plate was 31:37, which shows that there was a greater number of E. coli DH5-ÃŽ ± that did not contain the plasmid with the foreign gene insert. Therefore, out of all of the E. coli DH5-ÃŽ ± cells thatRead MoreCloning Of Plasmid Ezh2 Gene Into Pbluescript II Ks + Plasmid With Corresponding Histidine Tag For Potential Analysis2639 Words   |  11 Pagescloning of plasmid-EZH2 Gene into pBluescript II KS+ plasmid with corresponding Histidine tag for potential analysis Abstract The EZH2 (enhance of zeste homolog2) is an enzyme that in humans is fixed by EZH2 and its supply the information’s about making of enzyme called a histone methyltransferase In this experiment PCR2 was examined whilst the EZH2 contributes to chemical modification. This resulted in repression. The aim of the study was to re-clone the EZH2 gene from 5’ to 3’ into another plasmidRead MoreRestriction Enzyme Mapping Of A Plasmid2226 Words   |  9 Pages27/03/2015 Restriction Enzyme mapping of a plasmid Aim To isolate cloned recombinant plasmid pAB2 from a bacterium culture known as E. coli, the plasmid contained a virus called baculovirus and an enzyme called restriction endonuclease was used to cut the circular plasmid DNA. The enzyme was used to determine which fragment was cloned from the baculovirus. The aim is to remove the plasmid pAB2 from E. coli and correlate the enzyme restriction endonuclease for cutting of the circular plasmid DNA, thereforeRead MoreTransformation Of Recombinant Egfp / Coli And Analysis With Biotechnology And Bioinformatics Tools3344 Words   |  14 PagesKelley Matthew Transformation of Recombinant EGFP/pET41a(+) Plasmid DNA into E. coli and Analysis with Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Tools Introduction The central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of genetic information through a biological system. The main aspects include replication of the genetic code (DNA), transcription of DNA into RNA, and translation of RNA into polypeptides which form functional proteins and enzymes. Molecular biologist can manipulate this theory to isolateRead MoreCloning of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 in Forward Orientation Into Escherichia Coli Using Histidine-Tagged Pbluescript Ii Ks+.4372 Words   |  18 Pagespotentially allows isolation of protein via Affinity Chromatography or Chromatin Immunoprecipitation therefore its role, effects and targets in the genome can be established. Resultant Recombinant plasmids in this experiment had multiple inserts leading to inconclusive orientation of the inserts; however this can be tackled by Sanger or Maxam/Gilberts sequencing. Introduction The capacity to segregate and amplify individual genes from an intricate genome using recombinant DNA technology techniqueRead MoreDifference Between Genomic Library And Cdna Library1483 Words   |  6 PagesExplain the difference between a genomic library and a cDNA library. In simple terms, genomic library is a pool of vectors containing genomic DNA, whereas cDNA is a pool of vectors containing expressed genes within a genomic DNA. CDNA or complementary DNA, is derived from mRNA which is transcribed from genomic DNA (gDNA). Genomic library is very important in genomic studies, whether to find out relationship between genomic sequence and its effect on a particular organism, or to find polymorphismsRead MoreDna Report4127 Words   |  17 PagesLab Report DNA: Plasmids and Nucleases 1. Abstract The goal of this practicum was to isolate plasmid DNA from Escherichia coli (E. coli), to identify it, to prove that the plasmid is circular and double-stranded and to give bacterial cells new genetic properties via transformation. An unknown plasmid S was isolated from the bacterial stain Escherichia coli (E. coli). Then its purity was determined by calculating the ratio A260/A280. After that, the unknown plasmid S was identified

Friday, May 15, 2020

Abortion A Feminist Polemic - 4215 Words

Abortion: A Feminist Polemic Bioethics is the study of widely disputed ethical issues that stem from the contentions brought about by modern advancements in biology and medicine. The field’s focus on ethical healthcare and life sciences is specifically relevant to the vehement polemic regarding abortion. This argument has amassed a vast and varied following of individuals and groups, motivated by feminism, religious ethics, politics and medical ethics. I have chosen a feminist focus for my inquiry and aim to shed light on the opinions offered by many areas of feminism. I have chosen several questions to help my research: why is abortion an ethical issue?; what are the feminist points of view concerning abortion?; what has been the impact of feminism on women s access to abortion? Why is abortion an ethical issue? Abortion is defined as â€Å"the expulsion or removal from the womb of a developing embryo or fetus in the period before it is capable of independent survival†. Definitions of abortion vary within countries as well as among different institutions. Often societal and political opinions of abortion are reflected in the language used to refer to the procedure. Personhood is defined as the status of being a person. The idea of personhood is particularly controversial within various realms of philosophy, bioethics and law and is specifically relevant to the contention regarding abortion. Commencement of personhood is defined as: the point at which human life is considered

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Effects Of Prenatal Care On Children - 1118 Words

Discussion Traditionally, pregnancy is a celebrated occasion but for women who live in poverty this life changing event can be wrought with uncertainty and apprehension. Typically, new mothers living in poverty are most likely already facing multiple stressors such as unemployment, unfavorable living conditions, substandard environment and threats of violence. Additionally, the increased physical demands and need for supplemental financial resources consistent with a new pregnancy are more likely to leave a mother living in poverty feeling overwhelmed and depressed. One of the ways expanded Medicaid coverage can reduce this burden is by facilitating improved access to medical care for both the mother and her unborn child. Multiple definitive studies have proven that mothers who have access to adequate prenatal care have fewer miscarriages, less birth defects and give birth to healthier babies. The United States, despite being one of the richest countries in the world has a lower rate of infant survival when compared to other developed nations and decreased access to prenatal care exacerbates this statistic. Prenatal care not only gives new mothers access to medical, education and nutritional resources but serves an opportunity to identify babies at risk for delivering preterm or suffer from low birth weight (Alexander Cornely, 1986). Data derived from the 1980 National Natality Survey associated a higher instance of low birth weight with inadequate prenatalShow MoreRelatedEssay on Pre and Postnatal Care for the Amish950 Words   |  4 PagesPrenatal Amish view pregnancy and childbirth as normal biological functions of the female body, however; due to their cultural beliefs they will not seek out prenatal care until late in their pregnancy, if no problems arise. Women who are primiparous, giving birth for the first time, will generally seek prenatal care at around four months, while those who are multiparous, those who have given birth multiple times, generally seek prenatal care during the third trimester. Amish women typically do notRead MoreImmigration Policy : The Nation Of Immigrants1486 Words   |  6 Pages-born children. In fact, in 2012, 7% of K-12 children in the country had at least one unauthorized immigrant parent, and 79% of these children were born in the U.S. (Pew, 2014). The prenatal care these pregnant undocumented women receive, however, lags far behind that of documented immigrants and U.S. citizens. Studies have found that pregnant undocumented immigrant women are far less likely to access prenatal care than documented immigrant women and U.S.-born women and, if they do seek care, it isRead MoreHow Prenatal Care Is Associated With Child s Health1249 Words   |  5 PagesAs I attempted to search for an article on how prenatal care is associated with child’s health I initially did a google search and typed â€Å"prenatal care†. I was overwhelmed with the number of articles and websites available to choose from. I thought it was necessary to be specific in what exactly I wanted to research and that’s when I typed in â€Å"prenatal care† and â€Å"health† into the search bar. Once I found a website that looked resourceful and appealing I made sure that it was published by an educationalRead MorePrenatal Care For Young Women Essay1082 Words   |  5 PagesPrenatal Care for Young Women Most young mothers are worried about a number of new changes that will impact them socially, physically and emotionally. Prenatal care can be neglected due to an unexpected pregnancy, not being educated on what to do, or not having resources to get care. Prenatal care is very important to a child’s early development. Prenatal care can mean several things like cutting back on caffeine and stopping smoking. It can also mean soon after conception beginning to care for yourselfRead MoreThe Role Of Literature Of Maternal Depression During Prenatal Stages1110 Words   |  5 Pages Evaluating the Relationship of Literature of Maternal Depression during Prenatal Stages. Depression can occur at any time. We often hear talk of postpartum depression or the baby blues, which occurs shortly after the birth of a baby. Though we rarely discuss depression that occurs during pregnancy or prenatal depression. There are estimates that as many as 70% of women will experience symptoms of depression during pregnancy, making it a widespread concern. However, these depressive symptoms areRead MoreDelayed Childbearing Outcomes And Prevention1141 Words   |  5 PagesCountless women decide to wait for numerous reasons, such as, late marriages, pursuing a higher education, and/ or establishing their careers. According to the journal article, Effects of Older Maternal Age on the Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Labor, they found that older maternal age exerted a direct and independent effect on spontaneous preterm labor for both nulliparous women with no preexisting illnesses or pregnancy complications (low-risk) and nulliparous women who did not have any preexistingRead M oreThe Impact Of Medicaid Expansion On Pregnant Mothers And Their Newborn Children1700 Words   |  7 Pagesassess the impact of Medicaid expansion on pregnant mothers and their newborn children. Issues explored were the history Medicaid, current perceptions regarding the program and its recipients, the benefits of Medicaid and the reasons that some states have chosen to opt out of the expansion. The methodology used for this study was to research peer reviewed articles and journals to determine the positive and negative effects of Medicaid expansion and compare data from states that have implemented programRead MoreChild Development and the Impact of Autism1273 Words   |  6 Pagesthe cause or effect I am analyzing in my thesis? Yes, I am analyzing cause and effect between autism and children. 2. Have I explained the cause-and-effect relationship convincingly? Yes, I have provided researched examples of the cause and effect relationship between autism and children. 3. Have I organized my causes and/or effects logically? Yes, I have organized my causes and effects throughout the paper. 4. Have I used sound logic? Yes, I have backed up my cause and effect ideas withRead MorePrenatal Development And Development Of A Fetus1591 Words   |  7 PagesPrenatal development, also known as antenatal development, is the process of the development of a human fetus during pregnancy, from fertilization of the egg until the birth of the child. There are many factors that can contribute to the development of the fetus and many threats that can impact it. Most prenatal development occurs in a normal manner, however; there are many things that can go wrong during this vulnerable time and usually are caused by genetic or environmental factors. While the hazardsRead MoreHealth Disparities Of Prenatal Care960 Words   |  4 Pageshealth disparity is the lack of prenatal care amongst women in socially disadvantaged populations. These predominately include women of minorities, women who have a low income, and the location these women live in. This health disparity is important to ad dress because research has shown that women who receive prenatal care are more likely to conceive babies of a healthy birth weight and have low infant mortality rates than those women who do not receive this prenatal care (Putting Women s Health Disparities

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Neo Malthusian Dilemma Principle of Population

Question: Discuss about theNeo Malthusian Dilemma for Principle of Population. Answer: Introduction Neo-Malthusian dilemma was a theory proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus in his study of population. According to Malthus he proposed that the human population is increasing in a geometrical ratio while on the other hand food production or resources are increasing in a slow arithmetic ratio and to control the imbalance, the human population has to be stopped either through want or through other vices. He noted that the population was so powerful than the earths ability to produce food that could sustain it. This theory is often referred to as the principle of population (Ebanks, (2007). Vices are a sure way of depopulating the earth to subsistence levels. According to Ebanks (2007) he states that if vices are unable to control the human population then there are other ways that this can be done through calamities such as sickly seasons, plague and pestilence can sweep the earths human population in thousands or tens of thousands. If this is not effective still massive famines can balance the human population with the food levels in one blow. What Malthus meant is that the human population is controlled or restricted by the resources available. As a citizen of England Malthus noted that country was headed for tragedy and therefore he made it his duty to warn his fellow citizens of the impending tragedy ahead of them. He observed that there was the unusual similarity between breeding animals carefully and the careless breeding of human race. He based his analysis on existing biological facts where any biological life can increase to uncontrollable levels. He proposed that England was facing a shortage of food supply owing to the World War 2 which had made the countrys population to decline at high rates (Darity, 2008). But in the early 1900s food production increased as a result of increased agricultural activities and once again the population started to increase rapidly to uncontrollable levels. In Primentel and Nielsen works they discovered that the human population was increasing in rates that supposed the food production. What this meant was that the earth was in a dilemma of not being able to sustain its human population. An instance is the population in early 2000 where it was reported that the death rate of the children in the developing countries was 11 million annually with the cause of death being diseases that are preventable (Kirkby, O'Keefe Howorth, 2010). From the report it shows that a dilemma or catastrophe was underway. In this case the vice can be described in terms of high infant mortality, malnutrition, diseases, political uncertainties, inadequate clean water and poor sanitation. To address the issue of an impending catastrophe such as famine reports have shown that the world food production has increased especially in areas that were most affected. An instance is in South Asia where almost half of the land wad degraded and no longer fit for food production. In china the population is growing rapidly and the productive land is declining at an irreversible rate of 27% every year. In Madagascar 30% of the food productive land is now regarded as barren (Curran Agardy, 2012). Form recent reports it is reported that the number of obese people is rising continuously outnumbering the number of malnourished people in both the developed and developing countries. Solving the Problem According to demographic reports the human population is expected to double every 25 years this means that resources will be pushed to the limits and a time will come when the earth will no longer be able to sustain the human population. In recent demographic reports the Neo-Malthusian dilemma has manifested itself in the current century where the world population is growing at the rate of 500 million after every year (United Nations, 2005). In some areas of the world other than Africa the low levels of food production has led to increased poverty levels which has threatened the sustainability levels. In order to escape the dilemma it is necessary that precaution taken to reduce the human population. Organizations such as United Nations have programs that help deal with such a situation. The Program of Action by the United Nations and the Social Equity and Changing Productions Patterns: An Integrated Approach.( United Nations, 2005). By The Economic Commission for Caribbean and Latin America (United Nations, 2005) are some of the notable preventable actions that can be taken. The possible causes of the food imbalances in countries such as Latin America and Caribbean are the urbanization. Despite the fact that population distribution is very important still there are impending dangers to the situation. With rural-urban migration it causes the population to be concentrated in small areas making the resources to be scarce to the population (Curran Agardy, 2012). In most of these areas poverty is high and people are unable to support themselves considering the fact that food is scarce in these areas. Through depopulating these regions it will be help ease of the impending Malthus dilemma. Creating new cities or upgrading of the rural developments can discourage the uncontrolled rural-urban migration in countries. This way populations can be distributed evenly to ensure that there is sustainable food production. Through controlling the population growth it will be a great step in solving the Malthus dilemma. Because the population is an important aspect of the dilemma then controlling it will help solve the problem. Making the people aware of the need for adapting birth control measures it will be easy to have the population in check to match the current food production. Being part of a sustainable world is important in controlling population and even slows it to prevent population outbursts. The root cause of the dilemma is resources. Most of the resources in the current world are non-renewable. According to reports in 2008 90% of the energy used in the world is non-renewable. Thus the main problem does not lie in controlling the population alone but in solving the issue of resources first. Solving the resources issue will help in solving the sustainability problem of the human population. Governments of countries should therefore work together to solve the challenge on sustainable living i n the world. References Ebanks, G. (2007). Neo-Malthusian dilemma (2nd ed.). London, Canada: Population Studies Centre, University of Western Ontario. Darity, W. A. (2008). International encyclopedia of the social sciences. Detroit, Mich: Macmillan Reference USA. Kirkby, J., O'Keefe, P., Howorth, C. (2010). Introduction: rethinking environment and development in Africa and Asia. Land Degradation Development, 12, 3, 195-203. Gemenne, F., Barnett, J., Adger, W. N., Dabelko, G. D. (2014). Climate and security: evidence, emerging risks, and a new agenda. Climatic Change : an Interdisciplinary, International Journal Devoted to the Description, Causes and Implications of Climatic Change, 123, 1, 1-9. Curran, S. R., Agardy, T. ( 2012). Common Property Systems, Migration, and Coastal Ecosystems. Ambio: a Journal of the Human Environment, 31, 4, 303-305. United Nations. (2005). World population prospects: The 2002 revision. New York: United Nations.